The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt

Standard

The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars. / Merusi, Marco; Kinch, Kjartan Münster; Madsen, Morten Bo; Bell III, James F.; Maki, Justin N.; Hayes, Alexander G.; Joseph, Jonathan; Johnson, Jeffrey R. ; Rice, Melissa; Cloutis, Edward A.; Applin, Dan; Lemmon, Mark T.; Vaughan, Alicia F.; Núñez, Jorge I.; Jensen, Elsa; Kristensen, Jessica Zimmer; Paris, Kristen; Cisneros, Ernest; Kennedy, Megan R.; Gasnault, Olivier.

I: Earth and Space Science, Bind 9, Nr. 12, e2022EA002552, 19.11.2022.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt

Harvard

Merusi, M, Kinch, KM, Madsen, MB, Bell III, JF, Maki, JN, Hayes, AG, Joseph, J, Johnson, JR, Rice, M, Cloutis, EA, Applin, D, Lemmon, MT, Vaughan, AF, Núñez, JI, Jensen, E, Kristensen, JZ, Paris, K, Cisneros, E, Kennedy, MR & Gasnault, O 2022, 'The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars', Earth and Space Science, bind 9, nr. 12, e2022EA002552. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EA002552

APA

Merusi, M., Kinch, K. M., Madsen, M. B., Bell III, J. F., Maki, J. N., Hayes, A. G., Joseph, J., Johnson, J. R., Rice, M., Cloutis, E. A., Applin, D., Lemmon, M. T., Vaughan, A. F., Núñez, J. I., Jensen, E., Kristensen, J. Z., Paris, K., Cisneros, E., Kennedy, M. R., & Gasnault, O. (2022). The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars. Earth and Space Science, 9(12), [e2022EA002552]. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EA002552

Vancouver

Merusi M, Kinch KM, Madsen MB, Bell III JF, Maki JN, Hayes AG o.a. The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars. Earth and Space Science. 2022 nov. 19;9(12). e2022EA002552. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EA002552

Author

Merusi, Marco ; Kinch, Kjartan Münster ; Madsen, Morten Bo ; Bell III, James F. ; Maki, Justin N. ; Hayes, Alexander G. ; Joseph, Jonathan ; Johnson, Jeffrey R. ; Rice, Melissa ; Cloutis, Edward A. ; Applin, Dan ; Lemmon, Mark T. ; Vaughan, Alicia F. ; Núñez, Jorge I. ; Jensen, Elsa ; Kristensen, Jessica Zimmer ; Paris, Kristen ; Cisneros, Ernest ; Kennedy, Megan R. ; Gasnault, Olivier. / The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars. I: Earth and Space Science. 2022 ; Bind 9, Nr. 12.

Bibtex

@article{269a34cc85d9437b9ac18295e74c1c90,
title = "The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars",
abstract = "The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets mounted on the NASA's Perseverance rover proved to be effective in the calibration of Mastcam-Z images to reflectance (I/F) over the first 350 sols on Mars. Mastcam-Z imaged the calibration targets regularly to perform reflectance calibration on multispectral image sets of targets on the Martian surface. For each calibration target image, mean radiance values were extracted for 41 distinct regions of the targets, including patches of color and grayscale materials. Eight strong permanent magnets, placed under the primary target, attracted magnetic dust and repelled it from central surfaces, allowing the extraction of radiance values from eight regions relatively clean from dust. These radiances were combined with reflectances obtained from laboratory measurements, a one-term linear fit model was applied, and the slopes of the fits were retrieved as estimates of the solar irradiance and used to convert Mastcam-Z images from radiance to reflectance. Derived irradiance time series are smoothly varying in line with expectations based on the changing Mars-Sun distance, being only perturbed by a few significant dust events. The deposition of dust on the calibration targets was largely concentrated on the magnets, ensuring a minimal influence of dust on the calibration process. The fraction of sunlight directly hitting the calibration targets was negatively correlated with the atmospheric optical depth, as expected. Further investigation will aim at explaining the origin of a small offset observed in the fit model employed for calibration, and the causes of a yellowing effect affecting one of the calibration targets materials.",
author = "Marco Merusi and Kinch, {Kjartan M{\"u}nster} and Madsen, {Morten Bo} and {Bell III}, {James F.} and Maki, {Justin N.} and Hayes, {Alexander G.} and Jonathan Joseph and Johnson, {Jeffrey R.} and Melissa Rice and Cloutis, {Edward A.} and Dan Applin and Lemmon, {Mark T.} and Vaughan, {Alicia F.} and N{\'u}{\~n}ez, {Jorge I.} and Elsa Jensen and Kristensen, {Jessica Zimmer} and Kristen Paris and Ernest Cisneros and Kennedy, {Megan R.} and Olivier Gasnault",
year = "2022",
month = nov,
day = "19",
doi = "10.1029/2022EA002552",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
journal = "Earth and Space Science",
issn = "2333-5084",
publisher = "American Geophysical Union",
number = "12",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Mastcam-Z Radiometric Calibration Targets on NASA's Perseverance Rover: Derived Irradiance Time-Series, Dust Deposition, and Performance Over the First 350 Sols on Mars

AU - Merusi, Marco

AU - Kinch, Kjartan Münster

AU - Madsen, Morten Bo

AU - Bell III, James F.

AU - Maki, Justin N.

AU - Hayes, Alexander G.

AU - Joseph, Jonathan

AU - Johnson, Jeffrey R.

AU - Rice, Melissa

AU - Cloutis, Edward A.

AU - Applin, Dan

AU - Lemmon, Mark T.

AU - Vaughan, Alicia F.

AU - Núñez, Jorge I.

AU - Jensen, Elsa

AU - Kristensen, Jessica Zimmer

AU - Paris, Kristen

AU - Cisneros, Ernest

AU - Kennedy, Megan R.

AU - Gasnault, Olivier

PY - 2022/11/19

Y1 - 2022/11/19

N2 - The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets mounted on the NASA's Perseverance rover proved to be effective in the calibration of Mastcam-Z images to reflectance (I/F) over the first 350 sols on Mars. Mastcam-Z imaged the calibration targets regularly to perform reflectance calibration on multispectral image sets of targets on the Martian surface. For each calibration target image, mean radiance values were extracted for 41 distinct regions of the targets, including patches of color and grayscale materials. Eight strong permanent magnets, placed under the primary target, attracted magnetic dust and repelled it from central surfaces, allowing the extraction of radiance values from eight regions relatively clean from dust. These radiances were combined with reflectances obtained from laboratory measurements, a one-term linear fit model was applied, and the slopes of the fits were retrieved as estimates of the solar irradiance and used to convert Mastcam-Z images from radiance to reflectance. Derived irradiance time series are smoothly varying in line with expectations based on the changing Mars-Sun distance, being only perturbed by a few significant dust events. The deposition of dust on the calibration targets was largely concentrated on the magnets, ensuring a minimal influence of dust on the calibration process. The fraction of sunlight directly hitting the calibration targets was negatively correlated with the atmospheric optical depth, as expected. Further investigation will aim at explaining the origin of a small offset observed in the fit model employed for calibration, and the causes of a yellowing effect affecting one of the calibration targets materials.

AB - The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets mounted on the NASA's Perseverance rover proved to be effective in the calibration of Mastcam-Z images to reflectance (I/F) over the first 350 sols on Mars. Mastcam-Z imaged the calibration targets regularly to perform reflectance calibration on multispectral image sets of targets on the Martian surface. For each calibration target image, mean radiance values were extracted for 41 distinct regions of the targets, including patches of color and grayscale materials. Eight strong permanent magnets, placed under the primary target, attracted magnetic dust and repelled it from central surfaces, allowing the extraction of radiance values from eight regions relatively clean from dust. These radiances were combined with reflectances obtained from laboratory measurements, a one-term linear fit model was applied, and the slopes of the fits were retrieved as estimates of the solar irradiance and used to convert Mastcam-Z images from radiance to reflectance. Derived irradiance time series are smoothly varying in line with expectations based on the changing Mars-Sun distance, being only perturbed by a few significant dust events. The deposition of dust on the calibration targets was largely concentrated on the magnets, ensuring a minimal influence of dust on the calibration process. The fraction of sunlight directly hitting the calibration targets was negatively correlated with the atmospheric optical depth, as expected. Further investigation will aim at explaining the origin of a small offset observed in the fit model employed for calibration, and the causes of a yellowing effect affecting one of the calibration targets materials.

U2 - 10.1029/2022EA002552

DO - 10.1029/2022EA002552

M3 - Journal article

VL - 9

JO - Earth and Space Science

JF - Earth and Space Science

SN - 2333-5084

IS - 12

M1 - e2022EA002552

ER -

ID: 329576430