"Niels Bohr Lecture by Prof. Achim Rosch";"Jens Paaske";"2013-10-23";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: Magnetic whirls in chiral magnets: skyrmions and monopolesProf. Achim Rosch, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet zu Koeln ";" Dr. Achim Rosch, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet zu Koeln Magnetic whirls in chiral magnets: skyrmions and monopoles Abstract: In chiral magnets and small magnetic fields lattices of magnetic whirls, so-called skyrmions, can be stabilized. These skyrmions can be manipulated by electric currents which are 5-6 orders of magnitude smaller than conventionally needed for the manipulation of magnetic structures. The very efficient coupling of the magnetic structure to currents is governed by Berry phases, which can be described by effective ""emergent"" electromagnetic fields. The topological quantization of the the skyrmions thereby leads to a quantization of the emergent magnetic flux. A change of topology has to occur by singular magnetic configurations [3] which act as sources and sinks of the emergent magnetic flux. Thereby they can be viewed as emergent magnetic monopols. Wednesday, October 23, 2013 at 15:15 in Aud. 3 at HCØ. Brief CV: Dr. rer. nat, Universität Karlsruhe(1997) (""Heavy Particle in a Fermionic Bath""); Dipl.-Phys. Universität Karlsruhe (1994) Postdoc at Rutgers University, NJ, USA (1998-2000) Head of a Emmy-Noether Junior research group (DFG) (2000-2003) within the group of Prof. Wölfle in Karlsruhe summer 2002: visiting professor (Vertretungsprofessur) at the LMU Munich starting 1/04: full professor at the University to Cologne 2006-2012: spokesperson of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 608 2012: University prize of the University of Cologne since 2012: spokesperson of the key profile area ""Quantum Matter and Materials"" of the University of Cologne 2013: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the DPG (with Roderich Moessner) editor for The European Physical Journal B "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Priyamvada Natarajan";"Jens Paaske";"2013-09-25";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: Priyamvada Natarajan is a Professor at Yale University. She is a theoretical astrophysicist interested in cosmology, gravitational lensing and black hole physics. ";"Abstract will follow later. About professor Priya Natarajan Priya Natarajan is a Professor in the Departments of Astronomy and Physics at Yale University. She is a theoretical astrophysicist interested in cosmology, gravitational lensing and black hole physics. Her research involves mapping the detailed distribution of dark matter in the universe exploiting the bending of light en-route to us from distant galaxies. In particular, she has focused on making dark matter maps of clusters of galaxies, the largest known repositories of dark matter. Gravitational lensing by clusters can also be utilized to constrain dark energy models and she has been developing the methodology and techniques to do so. Her work has demonstrated that cluster strong lensing offers a unique and potentially powerful laboratory to test evolving dark energy models. Priya is also actively engaged in deriving and understanding the mass assembly history of black holes over cosmic time. She is exploring a new channel for the formation of the first black holes and its observational consequences at high and low redshift. This channel produces massive seeds derived from the direct collapse of pre-galactic gas disks at the earliest epochs. This is in contrast to the conventional picture wherein light seeds are produced from the end state of the first stars. Current measurements of the masses of black holes hosted in nearby faint galaxies supports the existence of a massive seeding model. In earlier work, she argued for the existence of an upper limit to black hole masses in the universe by showing that black holes eventually stunt their own growth. This self-regulation implies the presence of ultra-massive black holes with capped masses in the centers of nearby galaxies that have since been observationally detected. Read more >> "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Prof. Subir Sarkar";"Jens Paaske";"2013-09-04";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: Upcoming Lecture, title and abstract will be published later.Prof. Subir Sarkar is working at the Niels Bohr International Academy at NBI, and the University of Oxford. ";" Prof. Subir Sarkar, University of Oxford and NBI Upcoming Niels Bohr Lecture, title and abstract will be published later. Wednesday, September 4, 2013 at 15:15 in Aud. 3 at HCØ. "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Prof. Jeff Kimble";"Jens Paaske";"2013-06-12";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: Upcoming Lecture, title and abstract will be published later.Kimble became a professor of physics at Caltech in 1989. He was named Valentine Professor in 1997 and director of the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter at Caltech in 2011. ";" Prof. Jeff Kimble, Caltech. Upcoming Niels Bohr Lecture, title and abstract will be published later. Wednesday, June 12, 2013 at 15:15 in Aud. 3 at HCØ. Kimble became a professor of physics at Caltech in 1989. He was named Valentine Professor in 1997 and director of the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter at Caltech in 2011. He has cemented his reputation in quantum optics through discoveries relating to quantum measurement and quantum information science. Kimble's research has led to greater understanding of novel quantum states of the electromagnetic field, such as ""squeezed"" and ""antibunched"" light. His demonstration in 1995 of a quantum phase gate that operated at the single photon level and was suitable for the implementation of rudimentary quantum logic has been considered seminal in establishing the experimental foundations of quantum information science. Kimble and his colleagues have also made important contributions to theoretical physics, including a new paradigm for the realization of distributed quantum networks."
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Prof. Victor Yakovenko";"Jens Paaske";"2013-05-29";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: Statistical Mechanics of Money, Income, Debt, and Energy Consumption.Victor Yakovenko became a faculty member at the University of Maryland i 1993, where he is a full professor now. ";" Prof. Victor Yakovenko, University of Maryland Statistical Mechanics of Money, Income, Debt, and Energy Consumption Abstract: By analogy with the probability distribution of energy in statistical physics, I argue that the probability distribution of money in a closed economic system should follow the exponential Boltzmann-Gibbs law. Analysis of the empirical data shows that income distribution in the USA has a well-defined two-class structure. The majority of the population (about 97%) belongs to the lower class characterized by the exponential (""thermal"") distribution. The upper class (about 3% of the population) is characterized by the Pareto power-law (""superthermal"") distribution, and its share of the total income expands and contracts dramatically during bubbles and busts in financial markets. The probability distribution of energy consumption per capita around the world also follows the exponential Boltzmann-Gibbs law, which is consistent with entropy maximization. For more information, see http://physics.umd.edu/~yakovenk/econophysics/, Reviews of Modern Physics 81, 1703 (2009), New Journal of Physics 12, 075032 (2010). This work is currently supported by the Institute for New Economic Thinking, http://ineteconomics.org/grants/ Wednesday, May 29, 2013 at 15:15 in Aud. 3 at HCØ. Bio: Victor Yakovenko received a Ph.D. from the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics in Moscow in 1987. In 1991-1993, he was a postdoc at Rutgers University. In 1993, he became a faculty member at the University of Maryland, where he is a full professor now. His research primarily focuses on theory of unconventional superconductors, such as organic, cuprates, and ruthenates. In 2001-2004, he did pioneering work on Majorana fermions in superconductors and the fractional Josephson effect, which are actively investigated today. In 2000, he also started working in the new interdisciplinary field of ""econophysics"", which applies methods of statistical physics to economics and finance. Victor is strongly interested in renewable energy and has solar panels on his home, which generate almost 100% of the annual electricity consumption. For more information, see http://physics.umd.edu/~yakovenk/"
"Niels Bohr Lecture: Nobel Colloquium 2012";"Eugene Polzik & Jens Paaske";"2012-12-14";"17:30";"";"";"H.C. Ørsted Institute, Aud. 3";"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 was awarded jointly to Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland ""for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems"". ";"Following the Nobel Prize ceremony, this year’s winners will present their prize winning work in a Niels Bohr Lecture on December 14 at 17:30, in Aud. 1 at HCØ. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 was awarded jointly to Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland ""for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems"". Serge Haroche Born: 1944, Casablanca, Morocco Affiliation at the time of the award: Collège de France, Paris, France, École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France Title of lecture: Controlling photons in a box and exploring the quantum to classical boundary David J. Wineland Born: 1944, Milwaukee, WI, USA Affiliation at the time of the award: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Title of lecture: Superposition, entanglement, and raising Schrödinger’s cat Sign up for the Nobel Colloquium 2012 >> Particle control in a quantum world Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland have independently invented and developed ground-breaking methods for measuring and manipulating individual particles while preserving their quantum-mechanical nature, in ways that were previously thought unattainable. Haroche and Wineland have opened the door to a new era of experimentation with quantum physics by demonstrating the direct observation of individual quantum systems without destroying them. Through their ingenious laboratory methods they have managed to measure and control very fragile quantum states, enabling their field of research to take the very first steps towards building a new type of super fast computer, based on quantum physics. These methods have also led to the construction of extremely precise clocks that could become the future basis for a new standard of time, with more than hundredfold greater precision than present-day caesium clocks. Read more on ""Particle control in a quantum world"" >> More about Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland and the Nobel Prize >> "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Jörg Wrachtrup";"Jens Paaske";"2012-11-21";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: From atomic memory to nanoscale precision measurements.Joerg Wrachtrup is currently Professor for Experimental Physics at Stuttgart University, Director of the 3rd Institute of Physics and Max Planck Fellow at the Max Planck Institute. ";"From atomic memory to nanoscale precision measurements Joerg Wrachtrup, University of Stuttgart, Germany Joerg Wrachtrup, University of Stuttgart, Germany Precision measurements have been a key driving source for the development of quantum technologies. The improvements for atom clocks as an example have inspired novel cooling methods and finally lead to ion-based quantum information processing. Solids so far had little share in these developments mostly because the generation of quantum devices in solid state materials is hampered by thorough interaction of qubits with their environment. Over the past couple of years, however, solid state quantum devices have matured and nowadays a whole set of system with “atom-like” properties are known. Among them, diamond defects are outstanding due to their inherent protection from environmental fluctuations which make them well controllable quantum systems even at room temperature. Spin impurities in diamond promise to be efficient quantum memories for microwave but also optical photons. Nanotechnology has advances to such a degree that strongly coupled spin arrays can be fabricated which are of use in quantum information processing and quantum simulations and might prove to be key elements in quantum repeater schemes. In addition, diamond defects can be positioned into nanostructured diamond material. As such they are used as nanoprobes for e.g. electric and magnetic fields. Quantum enhancement of sensitivity of such probes comes from precision measurement techniques formerly used in quantum and atom optics. About the speaker: Joerg Wrachtrup is currently Professor for Experimental Physics at Stuttgart University, Director of the 3rd Institute of Physics and Max Planck Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Physics in Stuttgart. He received his diploma in 1990 and PhD in 1994 from the Free University in Berlin. In Stuttgart Joerg leads a research group of 40 people comprised of assistant professors, post doctoral members and PhD students. In addition, as a Max Planck Fellow he is heading a research activity affiliated at the MPI for solid state research. His research achievements have been awarded numerous prizes like the European research council advanced investigator grant, the Stepanov Award of the Belorussian Academy of Science or recently the Leibniz Prize of the German Physical Society. "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by David B. Sanders";"Jens Paaske";"2012-09-19";"15:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: The Cosmic Evolution of Superstarbursts and Merging Massive Black Holes. New time: Now at 15.15David B. Sanders is a Professor at the Department of Physics & Astronomy at the University of Hawaii. ";"The Infrared Universe: The Cosmic Evolution of Superstarbursts and Merging Massive Black Holes New time: Niels Bohr Lectures now at 15.15 David B. Sanders, Institute forAstronomy, University of Hawaii. Our current view of galaxy evolution has been dramatically enhanced by new deep field surveys at far-infrared and sub-millimeter wavelengths. Evidence now suggests that the extragalactic luminosity density in the far-IR/submm region of the electromagnetic spectrum exceeds that in the optical/ultraviolet by factors of 2-5 at redshifts z > 1, implying that as much as 80% of the ""activity"" in galaxies in the distant Universe is hidden by dust. Much of this obscured activity occurs in Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs), which appear to be triggered by major mergers of gas-rich spirals. LIRGs are powered by both dust-enshrouded super-starbursts and accretion onto massive black holes (MBH). The LIRG phase ends shortly after the merger of the two MBH, which triggers an ejection of most of the surrounding gas and dust, leaving behind a gas-poor, massive elliptical galaxy. This major event in galaxy evolution has been largely missed by deep UV/optical surveys. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way will likely suffer a similar fate 5 billion years hence, when it merges with our large neighbor - the Andromeda galaxy. The merger of two MBH (~10^6 Msun), will be one of the prime targets for testing General Relativity using the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. Our results for the number density of LIRGs suggest that such events may be as common as one per month. About the Speaker David Sanders is a professor at the Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii. He received his PhD from the State University of New York, Stony Brook in 1981. Professor Sanders is a pioneer in long wavelength astronomy and was among the first advocate a, now widely accepted, evolutionary connection between some of the most extreme phenomena in the universe: major mergers, starbursts and active galactic nuclei. More about David Sanders: http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~sanders/ "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Peter Hirschfeld";"Jens Paaske";"2012-05-09";"13:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Peter Hirschfeld is a Professor of Physics from the University of Florida. Title: Led by the nodes: forging an understanding of Fe-based superconductors.";"Led by the nodes: forging an understanding of Fe-based superconductors The origin of superconductivity in most new materials discovered in the past two decades remains a mystery, and represents one of the main unsolved questions of condensed matter physics. Peter Hirschfeld, University of Florida The new Fe-based superconductors have occasioned considerable excitement because transition temperatures are high, and it is hoped that the existence of a second class of such superconductors, in addition to cuprates, will lead to new insights into the essential ingredients for high temperature superconductivity. I will review what is known about the superconducting state and explain the basis for the near-consensus that almost all pnictide materials display spin singlet, s-wave symmetry. Different experimental probes on different materials show a large diversity of superconducting gap structures, with evidence for both gap nodes and fully gapped behavior. Within the context of a spin fluctuation pairing theory of such systems, this variety of gap structures, unexpectedly based on intuition from the high-Tc cuprates, is easy to understand. High-Tc superconductivity in these unusual multiband materials poses anew, and offers new insight into, the question of how higher temperature superconductivity might be achieved. About the speaker: Peter Hirschfeld received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1985 and did postdoctoral research at the Technical University of Munich and Stanford University until 1988, when he joined the faculty at the University of Florida, where he is currently Professor of Physics. His research interests involve problems of strong electronic correlations and superconductivity, often including a focus on disorder. "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Christoph Rembser";"Jens Paaske";"2012-04-25";"13:15";"";"";"H. C. Ørsted Institutet, Auditorium 3, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø";"Title: The physics programme at the PS and SPS: CERN's unique scientific breadth. Since 2010 he acts as scientific secretary of the SPS and PS experiments Committee.";"The physics programme at the PS and SPS: CERN's unique scientific breadth While the main focus over the past years has shifted towards flagship experiments at colliders, a rich and exciting physics programme is carried out at the CERN Proton-Synchrotron (PS) and Super-Proton-Synchrotron (SPS), attracting large scientific communities from the various fields of physics. In my talk I will introduce the CERN PS and SPS accelerators which are successfully and efficiently operating since many years and which are providing a wide range of different particle beams. This beams with energies up to 450GeV are used in various experimental facilities like the Antiproton Decelerator, the Neutron Time-of-Flight facility, the PS and SPS experimental areas and at the CNGS beamline which provides a beam of high-energy neutrinos to the Gran Sasso laboratory about 730km away from CERN. I will present an overview on the physics programme of CERNs ""lower energy"" accelerators and will report on its experiments. As the PS and SPS also serve as injectors for the Large Hadron Collider LHC, I will review their operation modes and possible injector upgrades which will ensure to keep CERN's unique scientific breadth and that the experiments at the PS and SPS will remain an important and indispensable part of the laboratories activities. Christoph Rembser About the speaker Christoph Rembser had his first high-energy experience as a CERN summer student in 1989. Since then he has worked on the ZEUS and OPAL experiments, gaining expertise in various types of detectors and searching for new physics phenomena. After a short intermezzo in 2004 as a professor at the University of Erlangen, teaching about experimental techniques and learning about astroparticle physics, he returned to CERN in 2005. Christoph is convinced that he will see new particles in the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker which he helped design and build and which he is happy to see in operation. For three years, 2005 until 2007, he served as physics coordinator for the CERN PS and SPS programme. Since 2010 he acts as scientific secretary of the SPS and PS experiments Committee. http://rembser.home.cern.ch/rembser/ "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Saul Perlmutter";"Jens Paaske";"2011-12-15";"13:15";"";"";"Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Institutet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København";" Nobel Prize winner, Professor Saul Perlmutter, will visit DARK on Thursday, December 15, to meet with researchers and give the Niels Bohr Lecture, at 13.15 that day in Auditorium 3. ";"Nobel Prize winner, Professor Saul Perlmutter, will visit DARK on Thursday, December 15, to meet with researchers and give the Niels Bohr Lecture, at 13.15 that day in Auditorium 3 at the H.C. Ørsted Institute, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen. This year Perlmutter, along with Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae. Professor Permultter leads the Supernova Project, and many other projects, at the University of California at Berkeley. More on Professor Perlmutter >> Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Institutet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Raymond Pierrehumbert";"Jens Paaske";"2011-09-28";"13:15";"";"";"";" Title: New Worlds, New Climates Raymond Pierrehumbert is a Professor in the Geophysical Sciences at the University of Chicago. ";" Title: New Worlds, New Climates Abstract: The past decade has witnessed the birth of what amounts to a new field of science: comparative planetology based on characteristics of newly discovered extrasolar planets. The pace of discovery has accelerated, with the release of over a thousand new planet candidates from the first year of the Kepler mission alone. These new worlds provide an opportunity to revisit some classic problems in planetary climate, but also pose questions about the nature of planetary climate that climate physicists have never before had cause to think about. After providing an overview of the characteristics of the exoplanets discovered so far, I will discuss several examples of these new climate problems. These include: Climates of tide-locked worlds; Climates of planets orbiting faint red stars; Exotic spin states; Generalization of the silicate weathering thermostat; Habitability of ""mini-Jupiters"" beyond the conventional habitable zone. About Raymond Pierrehumbert: Raymond Pierrehumbert is the Louis Block Professor in Geophysical Sciences at the University of Chicago, having earlier served on the atmospheric science faculties of MIT and Princeton. He is principally interested in the formulation of idealized models which can be brought to bear on fundamental phenomena governing present and past climates of the Earth and other planets. His recent research interests have included water vapor feedback, baroclinic instability, the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth, the climate of Early Mars, and methane hydrological cycles on Titan. He has been director of the Climate Systems Center, a US National Science Foundation Information Technology Research project aimed at bringing modern software design techniques to the problem of climate simulation. He has also collaborated with David Archer on the University of Chicago's global warming curriculum. He received an A.B. degree in Physics from Harvard, was then a Knox Fellow in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge University, and completed his PhD on hydrodynamic stability theory at MIT, in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He was a lead author of the IPCC Third Assessment Report, and a co-author of the National Research Council study on abrupt climate change. He is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union. Pierrehumbert studies the physics of climate, especially regarding the long-term evolution of the climates of Earth and Mars. He directs the Climate Systems Center, which was established with a $3.6 million grant from the National Science Foundation to develop software for rapidly conducting advanced climate simulations. Pierrehumbert was an author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Third Assessment Report (1997-2001). He also was a member of the National Research Council's Panel on Abrupt Climate Change and its Societal Impacts (2000-2001), and currently serves on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Panel on Abrupt change. Pierrehumbert was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1996-1997. Pierrehumbert is the author of the textbook Principles of Planetary Climate, available from Cambridge University Press. "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Soucheng Zhang";"Jens Paaske";"2011-09-14";"13:15";"";"";"";"Title: Topological insulators and topological superconductors Soucheng Zhang is a Professor of Physics at the Depardment of Physics at Stanford University. ";" Title: Topological insulators and topological superconductors Soucheng Zhang, Professor of Physics Abstract: Recently, a new class of topological states has been theoretically predicted and experimentally observed. The topological insulators have an insulating gap in the bulk, but have topologically protected edge or surface states due to the time reversal symmetry. Similarly, topological superconductors or superfluids have novel edge or surface states consisting of Majorana fermions. In this talk, I shall review the recent theoretical and experimental progress in the field, and focus on a number of outstanding issues, including the quantized anomalous Hall effect, quantized magneto-electric effect, the topological Mott insulators and the search for topological superconductors. About Professor Soucheng Zhang Prof. Shoucheng Zhang is an internationally recognized leader in the field of condensed matter physics, and has made major contributions to the quantum Hall effect, high temperature superconductivity and quantum magnetism. More recently, his theory work opened up a new field called topological insulators and superconductors. The novel properties of these materials could also open new applications in electronics, and extend the life of Moore's law.Prof. Zhang's theoretical prediction of the topological insulator state has been experimentally confirmed by colleagues at the University of Würzburg, a seminal discovery which earned Prof. Zhang and the Würzburg group the prestigious Europhysics Prize in 2010. Prof. Zhang received his B.Sc. in physics (1983) from the Free University of Berlin in Germany and his Ph.D. degree in physics (1987) from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He subsequently held a postdoctoral fellowship at the Institute for Theoretical Physics at Santa Barbara (1987-1989) and a staff position at IBM Almaden Research Center (1989-1993). Since 1993 he has been a Professor of Physics at Stanford University. He also holds an appointment in the Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering Departments and is currently the co-director of the Stanford Center for Spintronics Science and Application. His research interests lie in the areas of quantum spin transport, the quantum spin Hall effect and the theory of high-temperature superconductivity. Related literature: A. Bernevig, T. Hughes and S. C. Zhang, Science, 314, 1757, (2006) M. Koenig et al, Science 318, 766, (2007) Xiao-Liang Qi, Taylor Hughes and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Phys. Rev B. 78, 195424 (2008) Haijun Zhang, Chao-Xing Liu, Xiao-Liang Qi, Xi Dai, Zhong Fang, and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Nature Physics 5, 438 (2009). Xiao-Liang Qi, Run-Dong Li, Jiadong Zang and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Science 323, 1184 (2009). Xiao-Liang Qi, Taylor L. Hughes, Srinivas Raghu and Shou-Cheng Zhang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 187001 (2009) "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Jamie Nagle";"Jens Paaske";"2011-06-15";"13:15";"";"";"Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Instituttet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København ";" Title: Mysteries of Deconfined Quark-Gluon Matter Jamie Nagle is a Professor of Physics at the University of Colorado at Boulder. ";" Jamie Nagle is a Professor of Physics at the University of Colorado at Boulder, where he is researching in the field of experimental high-energy heavy ion physics. Title: Mysteries of Deconfined Quark-Gluon Matter Abstract: Despite the realization over 40 years ago that protons and neutrons are not fundamental particles and instead composed of quarks and gluons, a concrete understanding of the properties of quark-gluon matter have remained elusive. Quarks and gluons freed from confinement in protons and neutrons (or other hadrons) is predicted to be present under extreme conditions in the core of neutron stars and formerly in the earliest stages of our universe. Over the last ten years, studies of such high temperature matter have been carried out at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and just this last year at even higher temperatures at the Large Hadron Collider. The talk will explore new experimental data combined with theoretical modelling that is revealing the truly unique properties of this quark-gluon matter. Web Page of Professor Jamie Nagle >> Department of Physics at the University of Colorado Boulder >> "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Jeffrey Hangst";"Jens Paaske";"2011-04-13";"13:15";"";"";"Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Instituttet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København";" Title: Antihydrogen - Stable, Neutral Antimatter Jeffrey Hangst, Institut for Fysik og Astronomi, Aarhus Universitet og CERN. ";" Jeffrey Hangst, Institut for Fysik og Astronomi, Aarhus Universitet og CERN. Antihydrogen - Stable, Neutral Antimatter What would you do if you could get your hands on some neutral, stable antimatter? No matter what you may have seen in the cinema, blowing up the Vatican is not an option - trust me on this. In 2010, the ALPHA experiment at CERN demonstrated [1] that it is indeed possible to capture and hold atoms of antihydrogen - element number -1 on the periodic table. We have been producing antihydrogen in quantity at CERN since 2002, when the ATHENA experiment showed how to synthesize it from cold clouds of antiprotons and positrons [2]. In this lecture I will discuss how to make antihydrogen, and then I will describe the many additional steps necessary to be able to trap and hold it. With antihydrogen held for questioning, we can now address what has long been one of the most intriguing remaining questions about nature: Do atoms of matter and antimatter obey the same laws of physics? I will describe how we in ALPHA plan to tackle this question. 1. Andresen, G.B. et al., Trapped Antihydrogen, Nature 468, 673 (2010). 2. Amoretti, M. et al., Production and detection of cold antihydrogen atoms. Nature 419, 456 (2002). Jeffrey S. Hangst, Aarhus University, Spokesperson. The ALPHA Collaboration "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Martin Plenio";"Jens Paaske";"2011-03-30";"13:15";"";"";"Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Instituttet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København";" Title: Quantum mechanics and noise in biology Professor Martin Plenio, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ulm University. ";" Professor Martin Plenio, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ulm University Title: Quantum mechanics and noise in biology Speaker: Martin Plenio, Universität Ulm Abstract: Recently, thanks to the convergence of quantum optical technology and biophysics, we have gained the ability to explore theoretical questions concerning the interplay of quantum coherence and noise in complex quantum systems in actual experiments. This development opens up new avenues of scientific enquiry and is bringing together researchers from physical chemistry, biology and quantum information in a quest for a deeper understanding of the role of quantum physics for the foundation of biology. "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Roger Penrose";"Jens Paaske";"2011-02-23";"13:15";"";"";"Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Instituttet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København";" Sir Roger Penrose is a mathematical physicist and Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford and Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College. ";" TITLE: Can we see through the Big Bang, into another World? Abstract: The proposal of Conformal Cyclic Cosmology (abbreviated CCC) asserts that what we presently regard as the entire history of our universe, from its Big-Bang origin to its indefinitely expanding future, is but one aeon in an unending succession of similar such aeons, where the infinite future of each matches to the big bang of the next via an infinite change of scale. CCC predicts that supermassive black-hole encounters in the aeon prior to ours would be observable to us as families of concentric rings of unusual temperature structure in the cosmic microwave background. Recent analysis of data from the WMAP satellite has been argued to provide possible confirmation of this signal, allowing us to ""see through"" our Big Bang to such events occurring in the aeon prior to ours. The status of this controversial proposal will be discussed. About the speaker: Sir Roger Penrose is a mathematical physicist and Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford and Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College. Sir Roger Penrose He has received a number of prizes and awards, including the 1988 Wolf Prize for physics which he shared with Stephen Hawking for their contribution to our understanding of the universe. In 1989 he received theDirac Medal, and in 2005, Penrose was awarded the Royal Society's Copley medal, the world's oldest prize for scientific achievement, for his exceptional contributions to geometry, mathematical physics, general relativity theory and cosmology, most notably for his work on black holes and the Big Bang. Penrose has written a number of controversial books on the connection between fundamental physics and human consciousness. In The Emperor's New Mind (1989), he argues that the known laws of physics are inadequate to explain the phenomenon of consciousness, and this argument is further updated and expanded in Shadows of the Mind (1994), and inThe Large, the Small and the Human Mind (1997).In 2004 Penrose released The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe, aimed at giving a comprehensive guide to the laws of physics. "
"Niels Bohr Lecture by Ignacio Cirac";"Jens Paaske";"2011-01-19";"13:15";"";"";"Auditorium 3 på H.C. Ørsted Instituttet, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København";" Professor Ignacio Cirac, Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik. ";"Professor Ignacio Cirac, Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik "